Theoretically, you can significantly improve on the power consumption of cooling systems such as refrigerators & air conditioners by using MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE i.a clockwork mechanism to drive the compressor motors. powering the cooling units even with relatively small power sources.
When it comes to space missions, I find in movies that coolant leaks can be a major problem. This is true because space mission environments are an enclosed system; you can't"open the windows" to let the toxic gases out or let fresh air in. So if there is a way to design a cooling system that doesn't require the use of toxic chemicals —this would be a good idea.
I have that idea: A jet of compressed air forced through a small aperture results in cooling to the point of freezing and if the containing vessel of the compressed air is a good conductor of heat such as metal; the freezing on the containing vessel is visible.
In pharmacy sciences; we have pneumatic dryers which work on similar principles; something that NIDO® picked up to make powdered milk. A jet stream of milk freezes to ice then bypassing the liquid phase via sublimation; the milk is dried.
Alternatively; I have seen a desktop device for making liquid air. This can be modified for cooling on a spacecraft, space-station, planet or planetoid that requires an enclosed environment. How efficient is thermocouple cooling in removing heat generated when air is compressed to liquid? And remember: you can significantly improve on the efficiency of power consumption of the compressors by utilizing mechanical advantage gear systems.
Related post:
ENERGY SAVING ELECTRIC HEATERS
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